Solidity

Solidity is a contract-oriented programming language for writing smart contracts. It is used for implementing smart contracts on various blockchain platforms. It was developed by Gavin Wood, Christian Reitwiessner, Alex Beregszaszi, Liana Husikyan, Yoichi Hirai and several former Ethereum core contributors to enable writing smart contracts on blockchain platforms such as Ethereum.

Testnet

In blockchain technology, a testnet is an instance of a blockchain powered by the same or a newer version of the underlying software, to be used for testing and experimentation without risk to real funds or the main chain. Testnet coins are separate and distinct from the official (mainnet) coins, don't have value, and can be obtained freely from faucets. Testnets can be reset at any time.

Timestamp

A timestamp is a sequence of characters or encoded information identifying when a certain event occurred, usually giving date and time of day, sometimes accurate to a small fraction of a second. The term derives from rubber stamps used in offices to stamp the current date, and sometimes time, in ink on paper documents, to record when the document was received.

Token

Token is a unit of value issued by a tech or crypto start-up, intended to be a piece in the ecosystem of their technology platform or project. Tokens are supported by blockchains. They only physically exist in the form of registry entries in said blockchain. Initially, most tokens were based on the ERC20 protocol by Ethereum.

Unspent Transaction Output (UTXO)

UTXO stands for Unspent Transaction (TX) Output. Every on-chain bitcoin transaction sends bitcoin to one or more addresses, from at least zero (in case of a coinbase transaction) addresses. A bitcoin wallet balance is actually the sum of the UTXOs controlled by the wallet's private keys.

UTXO

UTXO stands for Unspent Transaction (TX) Output. Every on-chain bitcoin transaction sends bitcoin to one or more addresses, from at least zero (in case of a coinbase transaction) addresses. A bitcoin wallet balance is actually the sum of the UTXOs controlled by the wallet's private keys.

UTXO Set

The UTXO set is the collection of all bitcoin addresses with unspent outputs.

Wallet

A cryptocurrency wallet is a device, physical medium, program or a service which stores the public and/or private keys for cryptocurrency transactions. In addition to this basic function of storing the keys, a cryptocurrency wallet more often also offers the functionality of encrypting and/or signing information. Signing can for example result in executing a smart contract, a cryptocurrency transaction, identification or legally signing a 'document'.

Zero-Confirmation Transaction

After a transaction is broadcast to the Bitcoin network, it may be included in a block that is published to the network. When that happens it is said that the transaction has been mined at a depth of 1 block. With each subsequent block that is found, the number of blocks deep is increased by one. To be secure against double spending, a transaction should not be considered as confirmed until it is a certain number of blocks deep.

Zero-Knowledge (ZK) Proof

Zero-knowledge proof is a cryptographic principle that allows to check transactions with encrypted data of the sender’s address, receiver’s address and the transferred amount. Zcash coin uses a specific type of the zero-knowledge proof that is called zk-SNARKs.